Dark Circles Under Eyes

Dark circles under the eyes, also known as periorbital hyperpigmentation, are a common cosmetic concern that affects individuals of all ages. These dark patches or discoloration beneath the eyes often create the appearance of fatigue or tiredness, even with adequate rest. Factors like genetics, aging, allergies, and lifestyle habits contribute to their development, making them challenging to address without a clear understanding. In this guide, we explore the causes, treatments, and preventive measures for under eye dark circles, offering practical treatments to help you achieve a brighter, refreshed look.

What causes dark circles under eyes?

Dark circles under the eyes are not solely caused by sleep deprivation but often result from the unique characteristics of the delicate skin in this area. The thinness of the eyelid skin, only about half a millimeter thick, reveals underlying blood vessels and the orbicularis oculi muscle, which absorbs light and creates a darker appearance. These structural factors, combined with various external and internal influences, contribute to the prominence of dark circles.

Here are some key factors that contribute to dark under-eye circles:

Genetic Influence

Genetics can have a significant impact on the structure of the under-eye area. Traits such as naturally deep tear troughs or thinner skin around the eyes can make dark circles more prominent, even in younger individuals. These inherited features often result in a shadowed or hollowed appearance that is difficult to address without targeted treatments.

Pigmentation Variations

Periorbital hyperpigmentation is more common in individuals with olive or brown skin tones. This type of dark circle results from higher melanin production in the area, which can be further intensified by factors like sun exposure or hormonal changes. Protecting the skin from UV rays and using brightening agents can help manage this concern.

Aging Effects

As we age, the skin naturally loses collagen and elasticity, leading to thinning, sagging and bags around the eyes. This process is often accompanied by fat loss, which can create a hollowed appearance and make underlying blood vessels more visible. These changes enhance the shadowing effect, contributing to darker under-eye circles over time.

Allergic Inflammation

Allergies can trigger inflammation and swelling in the delicate under-eye area, making dark circles more noticeable. When allergies are present, the blood vessels beneath the thin skin can dilate and appear purplish or bluish in color. Frequent rubbing or itching due to allergies can also worsen discoloration by causing further irritation.

Puffiness and Shadows

Puffiness, caused by fluid retention or fat accumulation under the eyes, can create shadows that exaggerate the appearance of dark circles. This effect is particularly noticeable in certain lighting and may fluctuate depending on factors like diet, sleep, or hormonal changes. Treating puffiness can help minimize the shadowing and brighten the overall look of the under-eye area.

In many cases, dark circles are the result of a combination of these factors. At Direct Aesthetics, we recommend addressing this concern with a multifaceted approach. While no single solution can completely eliminate dark circles, a comprehensive strategy—including a high-quality skincare routine and treatments targeting the underlying anatomical causes—can deliver noticeable improvements.

Tips to prevent dark circles under your eyes

Preventing dark circles under the eyes involves adopting comprehensive lifestyle habits and targeted skincare practices to address their root causes. Here’s a closer look at effective strategies:

Prioritize Quality Sleep

Getting enough sleep is essential for your overall health and skin vitality. During sleep, your body repairs damaged tissues and produces collagen, which helps maintain skin elasticity and firmness. Aim for 7–9 hours of uninterrupted sleep each night, and try to establish a consistent bedtime routine to optimize rest.

Manage Allergies

Allergies can cause swelling and inflammation around the eyes, making dark circles appear more pronounced. Use antihistamines, decongestants, or nasal sprays as needed, and take steps to allergy-proof your home, such as using air purifiers, washing bedding frequently, and avoiding common allergens like dust and pet dander.

Protect Skin from Sun Damage

Excessive sun exposure not only leads to pigmentation issues but also accelerates collagen breakdown, which can make the under-eye area appear hollow and dark. Apply a broad-spectrum mineral sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher daily, even on cloudy days. Wearing UV-blocking sunglasses and wide-brimmed hats adds an extra layer of protection.

Stay Hydrated

Dehydration can make your skin appear dull and emphasize fine lines, making dark circles more noticeable. Aim to drink at least eight glasses of water a day, and include hydrating foods like cucumbers, watermelon, and leafy greens in your diet for added skin benefits.

Maintain a Nutritious Diet

Your diet plays a significant role in skin health. Focus on foods rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and healthy fats to nourish your skin from the inside out. Include vitamin C (found in citrus fruits, bell peppers, and broccoli) for collagen production, vitamin E (in nuts and seeds) to protect against oxidative stress, and omega-3 fatty acids (in fatty fish and walnuts) to maintain skin elasticity.

Avoid Smoking and Limit Alcohol

Smoking reduces blood flow and oxygen to the skin, while excessive alcohol dehydrates the skin and exacerbates dark circles. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption not only improve skin appearance but also benefit your overall health.

Be Gentle with Skincare

The skin around your eyes is delicate and prone to irritation. Avoid rubbing your eyes harshly when removing makeup, and choose skincare products specifically formulated for the under-eye area. Look for lightweight creams containing hyaluronic acid for hydration, vitamin C for brightening, and caffeine to reduce puffiness.

Manage Stress

Chronic stress can lead to poor sleep quality, hormonal imbalances, and skin inflammation, all of which contribute to dark circles. Incorporate stress-management techniques into your daily routine, such as practicing mindfulness, yoga, or deep breathing exercises, or engaging in relaxing activities like reading or gardening.

Incorporating these habits into your routine can help prevent and minimize the appearance of dark circles, promoting healthier, more vibrant skin.

Treatment for under eye dark circles

Although specific treatments can greatly diminish dark circles under the eyes, it’s crucial to understand that even with various methods, complete elimination may not be achievable. At Direct Aesthetics, we meticulously evaluate the root causes of your dark circles and suggest the most suitable eye treatment option from the list provided below. (Looking for the best treatments for under-eye bags? Find them here.)

Injectable fillers

Injectable fillers provide a temporary solution to smooth under-eye depressions and reduce shadows caused by hollowness. For suitable candidates, fillers can also help mask the appearance of under-eye bags. However, in cases of pronounced puffiness, fillers may worsen the appearance of bags and should be used with caution.

For individuals experiencing true hollowing, fillers can effectively add volume beneath the eyes, reducing the “scooped out” look and creating a smoother contour. A popular choice for this purpose is Restylane Silk, a hyaluronic acid (HA)-based filler. If needed, HA fillers can be dissolved using the enzyme hyaluronidase, offering flexibility in case of dissatisfaction or complications. Minor side effects such as bruising or swelling may occur but typically resolve within 48 hours. Results generally last six months to a year, sometimes longer, depending on individual factors.

It’s important to note that if dark circles are primarily caused by excessive pigmentation rather than volume loss, fillers may not be effective and could potentially make the pigmentation appear more pronounced.

Chemical Peels

The VI Peel uses a specialized acid solution to promote cell turnover, remove damaged surface layers, and stimulate collagen production, helping to improve skin radiance and even out tone. For individuals with olive or brown skin tones, there is a higher risk of discoloration, making lighter, less aggressive peels a safer and more effective option. These milder treatments can also enhance brightness and firmness in the under-eye area. Downtime after a VI Peel varies depending on the type of peel, and multiple sessions may be recommended to achieve the best possible results.

Microneedling

Microneedling treatments utilizing SkinPen involve the creation of controlled micro-injuries with tiny needles, stimulating the body’s natural production of collagen and elastin. This process gradually thickens the skin, concealing the appearance of underlying blood vessels and musculature that may cause discoloration. SkinPen microneedling is known for its quick procedure, minimal downtime, and suitability for all skin types. To sustain results, follow-up treatments once or twice a year are recommended.

Can topical eye creams and eye serums help get rid of dark circles?

Topical eye creams and eye serums can be beneficial in reducing the appearance of dark circles under the eyes, although they may not completely eliminate them. These products typically contain ingredients that help to hydrate the delicate skin around the eyes, reduce inflammation, and improve blood circulation, which can help diminish the appearance of dark circles over time.

SkinBetter Science offers some excellent options for topical eye creams and serums that specifically target dark circles:

SkinBetter InterFuse® Treatment Cream EYE

This advanced eye cream is formulated with a potent blend of peptides, hyaluronic acid, and caffeine to help reduce the appearance of dark circles, puffiness, and fine lines around the eyes. It works by hydrating the skin, boosting collagen production, and improving circulation to brighten and rejuvenate the under-eye area.

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SkinBetter InterFuse® Intensive Treatment LINES

While not specifically marketed for dark circles, this serum is designed to target multiple signs of aging around the eyes, including wrinkles, fine lines, and loss of firmness. By improving overall skin texture and elasticity, this serum can help diminish the appearance of dark circles and promote a more youthful-looking eye area.

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Along with using these products, maintaining a consistent skincare routine and adopting healthy lifestyle habits can significantly reduce the appearance of dark circles. Prioritize getting enough sleep, staying hydrated, and protecting the delicate eye area from sun exposure. By combining these practices with targeted topical treatments, you can achieve brighter, more refreshed-looking eyes.